What to do in case of an allergic shock?

Certain people develop a life-threatening allergic reaction to certain foods (such as peanuts and shellfish), medications (such as penicillin) or insect stings. The anaphylactic response occurs rapidly. It can begin within seconds or minutes. Signs and symptoms include coughing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips and tongue, an itchy rash and bumps, difficulty swallowing, dizziness and anxiety.

Home treatment

• Call an ambulance or get the person to hospital immediately.

• Check to see if the person is wearing a Medic-Alert bracelet, or ask the person what he or she is allergic to. Check whether the person is carrying any self-treatment, such as a pre-filled syringe of adrenaline (Epipen), or an asthma pump, to counter the effects of the allergic reaction. Help the person find and use the medication.

• If the person is conscious, help him or her into a sitting position to make it easier to breathe. Encourage slow and deep breathing. Stay calm and reassuring.

• Give an antihistamine pill, if it is available and the person can swallow.

• Place in the recovery position if the person becomes unconscious, but still breathes. Give mouth-to-mouth breathing or CPR if needed.

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